1. Normal stratified squamous epithelium (Histology)
2. Normal superficial and intermediate cells These have either orangeophilic or cyanophilic cytoplasm. The formal have small pyknotic nuclei while the latter have larger pale vesicular nuclei. Background of normal bacterial flora present.
3. Normal superficial and intermediate cells Another patient with similar features.
4. Normal superficial, intermediate and parabasal cells. The parabasal cells are small, round and darker staining.
5. Normal endocervical cells. These are slightly autolytic. A typical honey-comb appearance is present.
6. Metaplastic cells These have typical two color cytoplasm and cytoplasmic projections.
7. Candidiasis Fungal hyphae are seen at the left upper corner.
8. Trichomonas Organisms are small with pale spindle shaped nuclei located at one end.
9. Actinomyces Colony of Actinomyces organisms.
10. HPV infection with CIN I Inset shows a characteristic koilocyte.
    
11. CIN II changes Dark hyperchromatic nuclei. The N/C ratio is not very high and not as severe as in CIN III changes. Thus this case had been graded as CIN II but distinction from CIN III changes is very subjective.
12. CIN III changes Pleomorphic hyperchromatic cells (left lower corner). The N/C ratio is high suggestive of CIN III changes.
13. CIN III changes Hyperchromatic pleomorphic nuclei. The N/C ratio is high and lilke that of CIN III changes. This case was confirmed by biopsy.
14. Infiltrating large cell non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Pleomorphic cells. These are very dissociated suggestive of infiltrative carcinoma rather than merely CIN III changes. The background also contain some debrs which add further evidence to the presence of stromal invasion.
15. Infiltrating keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Typical fibre and 'tadpole' cells with dense keratinized (orangeophilic) cytoplasm.
16. Infiltrating keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Pleomorphic dissociated cells with orangeophilic (keratinized) cytoplasm.

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